{"id":63696,"date":"2023-11-27T10:00:11","date_gmt":"2023-11-27T13:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/?p=63696"},"modified":"2023-11-23T10:53:45","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T13:53:45","slug":"dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca\/","title":{"rendered":"Dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica, oligom\u00e9rica e elementar: qual a diferen\u00e7a?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_75 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Conte\u00fado<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar tabela de conte\u00fado\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca\/#O_que_e_uma_dieta_enteral_polimerica\" >O que \u00e9 uma dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca\/#O_que_e_dieta_enteral_oligomerica\" >O que \u00e9 dieta enteral oligom\u00e9rica?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca\/#O_que_e_dieta_enteral_elementar\" >O que \u00e9 dieta enteral elementar?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca\/#Quando_usar_dieta_polimerica_oligomerica_ou_elementar\" >Quando usar dieta polim\u00e9rica, oligom\u00e9rica ou elementar?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-oligomerica-e-elementar-qual-a-diferenca\/#Conclusao\" >Conclus\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">A nutri\u00e7\u00e3o enteral \u00e9 utilizada para alcan\u00e7ar as necessidades energ\u00e9ticas de indiv\u00edduos que n\u00e3o podem se alimentar pela via oral. Anteriormente, discutimos como \u00e9 feita a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/qual-a-o-crita-rio-para-classificar-uma-dieta-enteral-como-normoproteica-ou-hiperproteica\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">classifica\u00e7\u00e3o das dietas enterais<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. Neste artigo, iremos nos aprofundar nos principais tipos de f\u00f3rmulas enterais e suas diferen\u00e7as, sendo estas a dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica, oligom\u00e9rica e elementar. Confira!<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_63697\" style=\"width: 1160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-63697\" class=\"wp-image-63697 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/dieta-enteral-polimerica.png\" alt=\"dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica\" width=\"1150\" height=\"460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/dieta-enteral-polimerica.png 1150w, https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-1024x410.png 1024w, https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/dieta-enteral-polimerica-768x307.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1150px) 100vw, 1150px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-63697\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fonte: Canva.com<\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"O_que_e_uma_dieta_enteral_polimerica\"><\/span><b>O que \u00e9 uma dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">A dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica compreende as f\u00f3rmulas padr\u00e3o, que possuem os <\/span><b>macronutrientes em sua forma intacta<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">: prote\u00ednas (polipept\u00eddeos), carboidratos complexos e \u00e1cidos graxos de cadeia longa e m\u00e9dia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">As fontes mais comuns de macronutrientes destas f\u00f3rmulas s\u00e3o descritas a seguir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Prote\u00ednas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">: caseinato, prote\u00edna de soja, soro do leite;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Lip\u00eddios<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">: \u00f3leo de canola, de girassol, de soja ou peixe. Pode ter adi\u00e7\u00e3o de TCM e AG essenciais;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Carboidratos<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">: maltodextrina, xarope de milho, sacarose. Pode conter fibras como inulina, FOS e goma guar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Na dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica, os nutrientes s\u00e3o mais compat\u00edveis com aqueles consumidos pela via oral, com alimentos s\u00f3lidos. Por isso, necessita-se de um trato digest\u00f3rio funcionante para que eles sejam digeridos e absorvidos de forma apropriada.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"O_que_e_dieta_enteral_oligomerica\"><\/span><b>O que \u00e9 dieta enteral oligom\u00e9rica?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">A dieta enteral oligom\u00e9rica, tamb\u00e9m conhecida como \u201csemi-elementar\u201d, difere das f\u00f3rmulas polim\u00e9ricas por possuir <\/span><b>nutrientes parcialmente hidrolisados<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, principalmente os <\/span><b>oligopept\u00eddeos<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. Tamb\u00e9m inclui oligossacar\u00eddeos e <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/quais-sao-as-indicacoes-clinicas-para-utilizacao-de-triglicerideos-de-cadeia-media-em-nutricao-enteral\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">triglicer\u00eddeos de cadeia m\u00e9dia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> (TCM).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Por conterem subst\u00e2ncias \u201cpr\u00e9-digeridas\u201d, essas f\u00f3rmulas facilitam a absor\u00e7\u00e3o e levam a menor produ\u00e7\u00e3o de res\u00edduos de fezes. Geralmente, s\u00e3o indicadas para pacientes com fun\u00e7\u00f5es gastrointestinais prejudicadas. Entretanto, s\u00e3o aproximadamente 3x mais caras que a dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"O_que_e_dieta_enteral_elementar\"><\/span><b>O que \u00e9 dieta enteral elementar?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">A dieta enteral elementar conta com <\/span><b>nutrientes totalmente hidrolisados<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">, sendo que as prote\u00ednas est\u00e3o presentes na forma de <\/span><b>amino\u00e1cidos livres<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. Os <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/material\/guia-de-carboidratos-para-profissionais-de-saude\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">carboidratos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> e os lip\u00eddios, por sua vez, tamb\u00e9m est\u00e3o em formas altamente absorv\u00edveis, como maltodextrinas e TCM.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Em geral, as f\u00f3rmulas elementares s\u00e3o reservadas para pacientes que n\u00e3o toleram as outras dietas, apresentando sintomas de m\u00e1 digest\u00e3o ou m\u00e1 absor\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quando_usar_dieta_polimerica_oligomerica_ou_elementar\"><\/span><b>Quando usar dieta polim\u00e9rica, oligom\u00e9rica ou elementar?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">A indica\u00e7\u00e3o da dieta mais adequada <\/span><b>depender\u00e1 do posicionamento da sonda e da capacidade digestiva\/absortiva do paciente.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Na grande maioria dos casos, a dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica \u00e9 suficiente.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\"> Por\u00e9m, quanto mais prejudicadas as fun\u00e7\u00f5es gastrointestinais e quanto mais distalmente a sonda for posicionada, maior a indica\u00e7\u00e3o para dietas oligom\u00e9ricas ou elementares, a fim de melhorar o aproveitamento dos nutrientes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Algumas condi\u00e7\u00f5es que se beneficiam de dietas semi ou elementares incluem:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">S\u00edndrome do intestino curto;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Insufici\u00eancia intestinal;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Insufici\u00eancia pancre\u00e1tica ex\u00f3crina;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Gastroparesia.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Apesar de haver uma falta de diretrizes claras quanto ao uso de cada f\u00f3rmula para diferentes condi\u00e7\u00f5es de sa\u00fade, algumas recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es foram feitas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Segundo a ASPEN, SCCM e ESPEN, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 benef\u00edcios claros de f\u00f3rmulas oligom\u00e9ricas ou elementares para pacientes de UTI.\u00a0 A ESPEN tamb\u00e9m recomenda uma dieta polim\u00e9rica na <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/material\/doenca-inflamatoria-intestinal\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">doen\u00e7a inflamat\u00f3ria intestinal.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">J\u00e1 para pacientes com diarr\u00e9ia persistente, suspeita de m\u00e1 absor\u00e7\u00e3o ou falta de respostas \u00e0s fibras, a ASPEN e a SCCM indicam formula\u00e7\u00f5es oligom\u00e9ricas.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusao\"><\/span><b>Conclus\u00e3o<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Como visto, a diferen\u00e7a entre a dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica, oligom\u00e9rica e elementar \u00e9 o n\u00edvel de hidr\u00f3lise dos nutrientes, particularmente as prote\u00ednas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Embora a dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica seja a formula\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o, cabe \u00e0 Equipe Multidisciplinar de Terapia Nutricional (EMTN) avaliar cada caso individualmente, de modo a garantir a seguran\u00e7a e melhora do estado nutricional dos pacientes. Estar sempre atento \u00e0s novas diretrizes e artigos cient\u00edficos sobre o tema \u00e9 crucial.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Se voc\u00ea gostou deste artigo, leia tamb\u00e9m:<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/qual-a-o-crita-rio-para-classificar-uma-dieta-enteral-como-normoproteica-ou-hiperproteica\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Como \u00e9 feita a classifica\u00e7\u00e3o das dietas enterais?<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/tv-nutritotal\/e-na-pratica-como-faz-episodio-3-prescricao-de-dieta-enteral-o-que-voce-precisa-saber\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">E na pr\u00e1tica, como faz? Prescri\u00e7\u00e3o de dieta enteral<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 300;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nutritotal.com.br\/pro\/material\/diretriz-espen-sobre-nutricao-enteral-domiciliar\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Diretriz ESPEN sobre nutri\u00e7\u00e3o enteral domiciliar<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Refer\u00eancias:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Griffin, J. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11938-022-00391-0#citeas\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Enteral Nutrition Therapy: Which Formula Do You Use?<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. Curr Treat Options Gastro 20, 392\u2013405 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11938-022-00391-0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Guia de nutri\u00e7\u00e3o enteral ambulatorial e domiciliar [recurso eletr\u00f4nico] \/ L\u00facia Leite Lais e Sancha Helena de Lima Vale (organizadoras). \u2013 Natal: Edi\u00e7\u00e3o do Autor, 2018.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Limketkai, B.N., Shah, N.D., Sheikh, G.N. et al. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11894-019-0708-3#citeas\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">Classifying Enteral Nutrition: Tailored for Clinical Practice<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 21, 47 (2019). <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11894-019-0708-3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 300;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11894-019-0708-3<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A nutri\u00e7\u00e3o enteral \u00e9 utilizada para alcan\u00e7ar as necessidades energ\u00e9ticas de indiv\u00edduos que n\u00e3o podem se alimentar pela via oral. Anteriormente, discutimos como \u00e9 feita a classifica\u00e7\u00e3o das dietas enterais. Neste artigo, iremos nos aprofundar nos principais tipos de f\u00f3rmulas enterais e suas diferen\u00e7as, sendo estas a dieta enteral polim\u00e9rica, oligom\u00e9rica e elementar. Confira! 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